Why Trees? Because trees are “lignocellulosic biomass” – the only sufficiently prevalent sustainable resource that could be used for conversion into liquid transportation fuels. It is also the most abundant organic material on Earth. CELF (Co-solvent Enhanced Lignocellulosic Fractionation) is unique in that it can consolidate multiple processing steps such as pretreatment, sugar hydrolysis, and sugar catalysis, into a single step. This reduces the water content of the reaction to maximize the number of actual solids that can be loaded and also conserves heat and energy. The process is also adjustable so that different end products can be produced.